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Solar activity report

Report of Solar-Geophysical Activity 2024 May 19 2200 UTC
Prepared by the NOAA © SWPC and processed by SpaceWeatherLive.com

Joint USAF/NOAA Report of Solar and Geophysical Activity

SDF Number 140 Issued at 2200Z on 19 May 2024

IA. Analysis of Solar Active Regions and Activity from 18-2100Z to 19-2100Z

Solar activity has been at moderate levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a M2 event observed at 19/1756Z from Region 3685 (S13E29). There are currently 9 numbered sunspot regions on the disk.
IB. Solar Activity Forecast
Solar activity is likely to be moderate with a slight chance for an X-class flare on days one and two (20 May, 21 May) and expected to be low with a chance for M-class flares and a slight chance for an X-class flare on day three (22 May).
IIA. Geophysical Activity Summary 18-2100Z to 19-2100Z
The geomagnetic field has been at quiet to unsettled levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 438 km/s at 19/1148Z. Total IMF reached 9 nT at 19/1417Z. The maximum southward component of Bz reached -8 nT at 19/1254Z. Electrons greater than 2 MeV at geosynchronous orbit reached a peak level of 406 pfu.
IIB. Geophysical Activity Forecast
The geomagnetic field is expected to be at quiet to minor storm levels on day one (20 May), unsettled to active levels on day two (21 May) and quiet levels on day three (22 May). Protons have a slight chance of crossing threshold on days one, two, and three (20 May, 21 May, 22 May).
III. Event Probabilities 20 May to 22 May
Class M55%55%50%
Class X10%10%10%
Proton10%10%10%
PCAFgreen
IV. Penticton 10.7 cm Flux
  Observed       19 May 201
  Predicted   20 May-22 May 200/200/200
  90 Day Mean        19 May 168

V. Geomagnetic A Indices
  Observed Afr/Ap 18 May  014/015
  Estimated     Afr/Ap 19 May  009/012
  Predicted    Afr/Ap 20 May-22 May  016/024-014/016-006/005

VI. Geomagnetic Activity Probabilities 20 May to 22 May
A. Middle Latitudes
Active40%30%15%
Minor storm25%10%05%
Major-severe storm05%01%01%
B. High Latitudes
Active05%15%15%
Minor storm20%25%20%
Major-severe storm65%40%20%

All times in UTC

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Current data suggests there is a slight possibility for aurora to appear at the following high latitude regions in the near future

Iqaluit, NU
Nuuk
Reykjavik
Kiruna
The direction of the interplanetary magnetic field is slightly South (-5.27nT).
A transequatorial coronal hole was detected in an earth-facing position on Monday, 24 March 2025

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Monday, 24 March 2025
Coronal hole faces Earth

The anticipated strong G3 geomagnetic storm watch never materialized as the coronal mass ejection that was supposed to arrive early yesterday didn't arrive until today just past midnight UTC. The impact was very lackluster with the Bt (total strength of the IMF) increasing to a moderate 15nT at best and the solar wind speed reaching just 420km/s. A far cry from the anticipated 700 to 800km/s. That once again goes to show how hard it is to forecast space weather events and any resulting geomagnetic conditions. We remain under the influence of the CME and high latitude sky watchers should remain alert for some nice aurora displays but middle latitude sky watchers will probably have to wait for the next opportunity. 

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